Chapter 6
An Introduction to Metabolism
Essential Understandings:
2.A.1: All living systems require constant input of free energy.
2.A.3: Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization.
4.A.6: Interactions among living systems and with their environment result in the movement of matter and energy.
4.B.1: Interactions between molecules affect their structure and function.
Learning Objectives:
4.1 Explain the connection between the sequence and the subcomponents of a biological polymer and its properties.
4.2 Refine representations and models to explain how the subcomponents of a biological polymer and their sequence determine the properties of that polymer.
4.3 Use models to predict and justify that changes in the subcomponents of a biological polymer affect the functionality of the molecule.
4.14 Apply mathematical routines to quantities that describe interactions among living systems and their environment, which result in the movement of matter and energy.
4.15 Use visual representations to analyze situations or solve problems qualitatively to illustrate how interactions among living systems and with their environment result in the movement of matter and energy.
Big Ideas:
All living organisms require a constant input of free energy, which is used for organization, growth, and reproduction.
Common to life are core processes that depend on enzymes to regulate the chemical reactions that drive the metabolic activities of life.
Bozeman Science: Life Requires Free Energy
Bozeman Science: ATP
Bozeman Science: Enzymes
Scientific Skills Exercise:
Making a line graph and calculating a slope
Does the rate of glucose 6-Phosphotase activity change over time in isolated liver cells?
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Textbook page 134.
Test Your Understanding
Textbook page 121, #1-6.
As you complete test, mark questions with:
a star (I know this),
a checkmark (I might know this),
or a question mark (I don't know, I guessed).
Self-correct.
Write validations/corrections for checkmarks, question marks, and missed stars (oops).
Illustrative
x
a
m
p
l
e
s
Membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria/chloroplast)
Oxygen in cellular respiration
Enzymatic reactions
Transport by proteins
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Concept
A
R
D
S
metabolism
catabolism
anabolism
free energy
exergonic reaction
endergonic reaction
energy coupling
ATP
catalyst
activation energy
substrate
induced fit
coenzyme
competetive inhibitor
noncompetetive inhibitor
allosteric regulation
feedback mechanism
metabolic pathways
enzyme-substrate complex
ATP
Chapter 6 Lab
Enzymes
Critical Thinking
A: Explain how the highly ordered structure of a cell does not conflict with the second law of thermodynamics.
B: Why are spontaneous reactions important in the metabolism of a cell?
C: Describe the ATP cycle. How is ATP used and regenerated in a cell?
D: How do both activation energy barriers and enzymes help maintain the structural and metabolic order of life?
E: What roles do allosteric regulation and feedback inhibition play in the metabolism of a cell?